“a Contemporary View on Health Care System in Bangladesh.” Free Essays

string(70) Muslim principle for more than five and a half hundreds of years from 1201 to 1757 AD. Part †1 Introduction 1. 0 root and foundation of the report The report ‘‘A Contemporary view on Health Care System in Bangladesh’’ is the result of Internship Program which is a precondition for gaining MBA Degree. Just educational plan exercises are insufficient for taking care of the genuine business condition, so it is important to show signs of improvement information about the genuine situation. We will compose a custom paper test on â€Å"a Contemporary View on Health Care System in Bangladesh.† or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The report is a necessity of the entry level position program for my MBA Degree. Conduction of Internship/Dissertation began on twentieth December 2009 and finished on twelfth February 2010. My temporary job chief at International Islamic University Chittagong, Dhaka Campus, Mr. R M Nasrullah Zaidi appointed me the subject of my report. The explanation for picking this subject is getting an away from of the wellbeing segment of Bangladesh. Taking a shot at this subject offers me a chance to comprehend the Problem and prospect of social insurance framework in Bangladesh. In today’s universe of globalization Thiland is trying to urge â€Å"health tourist† to its nation under the flag of ‘Thailand: Center of Excellent Health Care of Asia’, India is building an e-wellbeing industry and Singapore is building emergency clinics abroad. At the point when situations resemble that where the wellbeing part of Bangladesh ? Here we attempt to get a thought regarding what is the genuine situation of different related issues like access to wellbeing relate information and innovation, the arrangement of new emergency clinic and aliened wellbeing organization and the accessibility of wellbeing experts. 1. 1 targets of the report The goal of my examination separated into two sections: 1. 1. 1 Primary Objective The essential target of this report is to meet the necessities of the course, OCP 5900, Internship. 1. 1. 2 Secondary Objective The optional destinations are: * To present an away from of National wellbeing senario. * To think about rundown and limit of existing Hospital facility * To think about labor gracefully limit and necessity * To think about Morbidity and its rate * To think about Available other option or customary clinical consideration framework. * To think about wellbeing training of mass individuals * To think about government structure-wellbeing framework * To think about segment structure of populace * To think about job of various establishment in regard of Health Care 1. procedure I have wanted to play out the undertaking in four phases: Step 1 Planning of the work Step 2 Data assortment Step 3 Analysis and understanding of information Step 4 Drawing ends and suggestions The main stage is the most significant stage. I possess allotted huge energy for this stage. I am stressing on exhaustive and nitty gritty arranging. Arranging incorporates nitty gritty procedure and booking of the staying th ree phases. I am likewise accentuating on recording definite arranging which would fill in as a rule and execution measure for the entire report. The subsequent stage is the information assortment stage. I have intended to gather information in three fundamental stages. * Collect information from web, various books and clinical diaries. * Conduct interviews with chosen agents from various degree of wellbeing experts. This stage really focuses on explanation and elaboration of information gathered from the primary stage. * Conduct meets and speak with wellbeing suppliers who are in the bleeding edge. This stage really focuses on collecting information for the general situation. The third stage is the investigation and translation of information. In this stage I would utilize some measurable and graphical examination instruments to decipher the relationship among various factors and factors. The fourth stage is the phase for reaching determinations and endorsing proposals. In this stage the outcomes from the past stage would be utilized to reach determinations about various parts of concerned issues inside the association and endorse some proposal for future improvement. The venture is base on both essential and optional data. Essential Source: * Informal conversation with representatives of UHL. Perception while working in various work areas * Interview with social insurance suppliers. Auxiliary Sources: * Official Web Site of UHL * Annual Reports of Ministry of Health * Various Manuals and Brochures of DG Health * Different distributions of WHO. 1. 3 degree This report exclusively manages the wellbeing related data of Bangladesh. Here we attempt to aggregate data from different subjects that have job with the wellbeing arra ngement of a nation. The venture depends on both essential and optional data. Wellbeing framework is an immense region to work; a large number of issues are connected here. Here we make some significant fragment to talk about like national wellbeing status, social insurance conveyance framework, office based wellbeing administration, driving general medical issues and wellbeing instruction. 1. 4 restrictions 1. The significant impediment looked in setting up this report is the gigantic number of boundaries that have relationship to the social insurance arrangement of a nation. 2. Less accessibility of information at all levels of administration giving particularly in the private area. 3. Less availability to information because of deficiency of time and legitimate plan and simultaneously the credibility of information not past inquiries. 4. Wellbeing division requires not many determined specialized skill for better understanding. Being a non clinical foundation some time face some issue to comprehend specialized phrasing and every now and again required clarification and further investigation. Part †2 Bangladesh: National Health Status 2. 0Location and Geography Bangladesh was risen as an autonomous and sovereign nation in 1971 after a nine months war of freedom. The nation is perhaps the biggest delta of the world with an all out territory of 147,570 sq km. Being a low-lying nation it extends latitudinal between 20? 34†² and 26? 38†² north and longitudinally between 88? 01†² and 92? 1†² east. It is for the most part encircled by Indian Territory (West Bengal, Tripura, Assam and Meghalaya), with the exception of a little strip in the southeast by Myanmar. Cove of Bengal lies on the south. The standard time of the nation is GMT +6 hrs. 2. 1History Bangladesh has a radiant history and rich legacy . When it was known as ‘Sonar Bangla’ or the ‘Golden Bengal’. The domain currently establishing Bangladesh was under the Muslim principle for more than five and a half hundreds of years from 1201 to 1757 AD. You read â€Å"a Contemporary View on Health Care System in Bangladesh.† in class Article models Subsequently, it went under the British standard after the thrashing of the sovereign ruler, Nawab Sirajuddaula, at the skirmish of Plessey on 23 June 1757. The British managed over the Indian subcontinent including this land for about 190 years from 1757 to 1947. During that period, Bangladesh was a piece of the British Indian territories of Bengal and Assam. With the end of British guideline in August 1947, the sub-landmass was divided into India and Pakistan. Bangladesh was a piece of Pakistan and was called ‘East Pakistan’. 2. 2Physiography With about portion of its surface beneath the 10 m shape line, Bangladesh is situated at the lowermost scopes of three strong stream frameworks - the Ganges-Padma waterway framework, Brahmaputra-Jamuna waterway framework and Surma-Meghna stream framework. Harmonizing with the division of the nation dependent on height the land can be partitioned into three significant classes of physical units: Tertiary slopes, Pleistocene uplands and Recent fields (shaped in ongoing age). The substantial rainstorm precipitation combined with the low height of significant pieces of the nation makes floods a yearly marvel in Bangladesh. Quaternary (started around 2 million years prior and stretches out to the present) residue, stored primarily by the Ganges, Brahmaputra (Jamuna) and Meghna waterways and their various distributaries, spread around 75% of Bangladesh. The physiography and the waste example of the tremendous alluvial fields in the focal, northern and western locales have gone under extensive modifications lately. With regards to physiography, Bangladesh might be grouped into three particular areas: (a) floodplains, (b) porches and (c) slopes, each having distinctive qualities of its own. The physiography of the nation has been partitioned into 24 sub-districts and 54 units. 2. 3Climate Bangladesh has a tropical storm type atmosphere, with a sweltering and blustery summer and a dry winter. January is the coolest month with temperatures averaging almost 260 C (780 F) and April is the hottest with temperatures from 330 to 360 C (910 to 960 F). The atmosphere is one of the wettest on the planet. Most places get in excess of 1,525 mm of downpour a year, and zones close to the slopes get 5,080 mm). Most rains happen during the rainstorm (June-September) and little in winter (November-February). Bangladesh has warm temperatures consistently, with moderately little variety from month to month. January will in general be the coolest month and May the hottest. In Dhaka, the normal January temperature is about 19 °C (about 66 °F), and the normal May temperature is about 29 °C (about 84 °F). 2. 4Administration From the regulatory perspective, Bangladesh is isolated into 6 Divisions, 64 Districts, 6 City Corporations, 308 Municipalities, 482 Upazilas and 4498 Unions. The six regulatory division’s are in particular, Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barisal and Sylhet. The nation is administered by the Parliamentary Democracy and it has a unitary National Parliament, nameBangladesh Jatiya Sangsad. There are 40 Ministries and 12 Divisions. The Ministry of Health ; Family Welfare is one of biggest services in the nation. At th

Anishnabe homeland Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anishnabe country - Personal Statement Example The Anishinabe is one of the prevailing local clans in North America that involves the best topographical region. In reality, the Anishinabe familial country involves five American States and three Canadian Provinces (Minnesota Historical Society 1). The Anishinabe despite everything live in this genealogical country. In any case, this familial land has since decreased after the happening to the Europeans. As needs be, this local clan guaranteed that it began from the upper east and settled by the extraordinary ocean. Prominently, wars, relocations, and exchange impacted the Anishinabe country. The Anishinabe esteemed their breadth country and alluded it as a prize from their predecessors. The familial country had a place with all Anishinabe individuals. The Anishinabe monitored the country with satisfaction and opposed all endeavors planned for expelling them from the land. Evidently, the underlying genealogical country of the Anishinabe was immense since it extended from the northern ranges of the fields toward the southeastern shores of the Great Lakes (Minnesota Historical Society 2). In particular, sub-Arctic tundra limited the country from the north while the Mackenzie River limited the country from the west (Minnesota Historical Society 2). The Mississippi River limited the Anishinabe country from the south while the seaboard limited the country from the east (Minnesota Historic al Society 2). Anishinabe country stretched out from Central Saskatchewan to southern Ontario (Minnesota Historical Society 2). Additionally, the Anishinabe country involved the northern Minnesota, northern Dakota corner, and commanded Michigan City (Minnesota Historical Society 2). Right now, most Anishinabe individuals are ranchers and farmers who live in reservation networks in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin (Minnesota Historical Society 2). The Anishinabe have partitioned into four gatherings as indicated by their area. The fields Anishinabe live in Saskatchewan, western Manitoba, North Dakota, and Montana while the northern Anishinabe dwell

Smart Card

A smartcard is a particular sort of plastic card commonly made of polyvinyl chloride dependent on polyesters or polycarbonate. It is the size of Visa. There is a 3by 5 mm imbedded chip in the card. Savvy card contains either memory card or microchip that holds information and data. The microchip card can include, erase, and control data on the card, while a memory-chip card (for instance, prepaid telephone cards) can just attempt a pre-characterized operation.Smart cards, dissimilar to attractive stripe cards, can convey every single vital capacity and data on the card. Along these lines, they don't expect access to remote databases at the hour of the exchange. An ordinary smartcard comprises of a 8-piece microchip running at around 5 MHz with ROM, EEPROM and RAM, together with sequential info and yield, all in a solitary chip that is mounted on a plastic bearer. The working framework is commonly put away in ROM, the CPU utilizes RAM as its working memory, and the greater part of the information is put away in EEPROM. Fig:- 1 shows shrewd card. HistoryIn 1968 and 1969 German electrical architects Helmut and Jurgen together created computerized chip card. At that point after in 1974 French creator Roland Moreno gives memory card idea called savvy card. A significant patent for brilliant cards with a chip and memory as utilized today was recorded by Jurgen Dethloff in 1976 and allowed as USP 4105156 out of 1978. The principal mass utilization of the cards was as a phone card for installment in French compensation telephones beginning in 1983. Carte Bleue After the Telecarte microchips were incorporated into all French Carte Bleue charge cards in 1992.Customers embedded the card into the dealer's POS terminal, at that point composed the PIN, before the exchange was acknowledged. Truth be told, constrained exchanges, (for example, paying little parkway tolls) are prepared without a PIN. Shrewd card-based electronic tote frameworks store assets on the card with the goal that perusers needn't bother with arrange availability and entered administration all through Europe in the mid-1990s. The significant blast in shrewd card use came during the 1990s, with the presentation of savvy card-based SIMs utilized in GSM cell phone hardware in Europe.With the omnipresence of cell phones in Europe, brilliant cards have gotten normal. Advancement of contactless frameworks Contactless shrewd cards that don't require physical contact among card and peruser are getting progressively famous for installment and ticketing applications, for example, mass travel and motorway tolls. Visa and MasterCard have consented to a simple to-actualize adaptation that was sent in 2004â€2006 in the USA. Most contactless admission assortment usage are custom and inconsistent, however the MIFARE Standard card .Smart cards are likewise being presented in close to home distinguishing proof at national and worldwide levels. Resident cards, drivers’ licenses, and patient card plans are showing up. A brilliant card is a plastic card about the size of a Visa, with an installed microchip that can be stacked with information, utilized for phone calling, electronic money installments, and different applications, and afterward occasionally revived for extra use. Presently or soon, you might have the option to utilize a keen card to: Dial an association on a cell phone and be charged on a for each call basis* Establish your character when signing on to an Internet get to supplier or to an online bank * Pay for stopping at stopping meters or to jump on metros, prepares, or transports * Give emergency clinics or specialists individual information without rounding out a structure * Make little buys at electronic stores on the Web (a sort of cybercash) * Buy fuel at a gas station Over a billion savvy cards are as of now being used. At present, Europe is where they are generally utilized. Ovum, an examination firm, predicts that 2. billion savvy cards will be s ent yearly by 2003. Another investigation figures a $26. 5 billion market for energizing keen cards by 2005. Compaq and Hewlett-Packard are supposedly dealing with consoles that incorporate keen card spaces that can be perused like bank Mastercards. The equipment for making the cards and the gadgets that can peruse them is as of now made essentially by Bull, Gemplus, and Schlumberger. How Smart Cards Work A savvy card contains more data than an attractive stripe card and it very well may be modified for various applications.Some cards can contain programming and information to help different applications and some can be refreshed to include new applications after they are given. Brilliant cards can be intended to be embedded into a space and read by a unique peruser.. An industry standard interface among programming and PC equipment in a keen card has been characterized by the PC Working Group, speaking to Microsoft, IBM and other intrigued organizations. Like brilliant cards with c ontacts, contactless cards don't have an inside force source.Instead, they utilize an inductor to catch a portion of the occurrence radio-recurrence cross examination signal, amend it, and use it to control the card's hardware. Half and halves A mixture brilliant card which plainly shows the radio wire associated with the principle chip Dual-interface cards actualize contactless and contact interfaces on a solitary card with some mutual stockpiling and handling. A model is Porto's multi-application transport card, called Andante, which utilizes a chip with both contact and contactless interfaces . Applications First presented in Europe almost three decades prior, brilliant cards appeared as a put away worth apparatus for payphones to lessen theft.As shrewd cards and other chip-based cards propelled, individuals discovered better approaches to utilize them, including charge cards for credit buys and for record keeping instead of paper. In the U. S. , purchasers have been utilizing ch ip cards for everything from visiting libraries to purchasing staple goods to going to motion pictures, solidly incorporating them into our regular daily existences. A few U. S. states have chip card programs in progress for government applications going from the Department of Motor Vehicles to Electronic Benefit Transfers (EBTs).Many ventures have executed the intensity of keen cards in their items, for example, the GSM advanced PDAs just as TV-satellite decoders. Why Smart Cards Smart cards improve the comfort and security of any exchange. They give carefully designed capacity of client and record character. Keen card frameworks have demonstrated to be more solid than other machine-decipherable cards, as attractive stripe and standardized identification, with numerous investigations indicating card read life and peruser life enhancements exhibiting a lot of lower cost of framework upkeep. Shrewd cards likewise give indispensable parts of framework security or the trading of inform ation all through practically any kind of network.They ensure against a full scope of security dangers, from thoughtless capacity of client passwords to advanced framework hacks. The expenses to oversee secret word resets for an association or venture are exceptionally high, hence making brilliant cards a financially savvy arrangement in these situations. Multifunction cards can likewise be utilized to oversee arrange framework access and store esteem and other information. Around the world, individuals are presently utilizing shrewd cards for a wide assortment of day by day errands, which include: FinancialSmart cards fill in as credit or ATM cards, fuel cards, cell phone SIMs, approval cards for pay TV, family unit utility pre-installment cards, high-security recognizable proof and access-control cards, and open vehicle and open telephone installment cards. Non-EMV cards work like attractive stripe cards. This is a run of the mill USA card innovation (PayPass Magstripe and VISA MS D). The cards don't hold/keep up the record balance. All installment goes without a PIN, ordinarily in disconnected mode. The security of such an exchange is no more prominent than with an attractive stripe card transaction.EMV cards have contact and contactless interfaces. They function as a typical EMV card by means of contact interface. By means of contactless interface they work to some degree diversely in that the card order grouping embraces contactless highlights, for example, low force and short exchange time. Distinguishing proof A rapidly developing application is in advanced recognizable proof. In this application, the cards verify personality. The most widely recognized model utilizes open key foundation (PKI). The card stores an encoded computerized testament gave from the PKI supplier alongside other significant information.Contactless shrewd cards that can be perused from inside a wallet or even a piece of clothing improve confirmation; nonetheless, there is worry ove r hoodlums getting to information from these cards. Cryptographic brilliant cards are regularly utilized for single sign-on. Most exceptional keen cards incorporate specific cryptographic equipment that utilizes calculations, for example, RSA and DSA. The present cryptographic savvy cards create key combines ready, to keep away from the hazard from having more than one duplicate of the key (since by structure there for the most part isn't an approach to separate private keys from a smartThe first shrewd card stream's permit framework on the planet was actualized in 1987 in Turkey. Turkey had a significant level of street mishaps and chose to create and utilize advanced tachograph gadgets on overwhelming vehicles, rather than the current mechanical ones, to lessen speed infringement. Since 1987, the expert driver's licenses in Turkey are given as shrewd cards and the driver is required to embed his driver's permit into the computerized tachograph before beginning to drive. The tachog raph unit records speed infringement for every driver and gives a printed report. The driving hours for every driver is likewise being observed and reported.In 1990 the European Union led an achievability concentrate through BEVAC Consulting Engineers, titled â€Å"Feasibility concentrate as for an European electronic driver’s permit (in view of a keen card) in the interest of Directorate General VII†. In this investigation, part seven is committed to the involvement with Turkey, expressing that the electronic driver's permit application, as savvy cards, was first executed in Turkey in 1987. Open travel Smart cards and incorporated ticketing have become widel

Directors required for creating a company - Free Essay Example

Dear Trainee David Kempton of KAL called me today to say that he wants us to incorporate another company for him which he intends to use as the financing company for cars that his customers buy on hire purchase. Essentially as well as buying a car from him they will also get finance to do so from this other company that he will own. I have talked through the process with David and it is more or less in an agreed format. One stumbling block appears to be the fact that David wants KAL to be the only director for the newly formed company, letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s call it NewCo. I am really busy right now but vaguely recall that there was something on this in the Companies Act 2006? David also mentioned that his wife was helping him to run KAL. I have checked the file and she is not registered as a director with the company. I think we need to warn David about the implications of this for his wife. I told David I would get back to him later today. Can you draft me a letter dealing with these two issues that I can e-mail to him. You should make sure that I donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have to make any amendments to it as I wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have the time. Thanks A Principal Only 1000 words Dear David As we had a discussion over the telephone and you had put forward a demand of another company to use that company as the financing company for cars so that your customers can buy on hire pu rchase. We had a long discussion about the process on which you were agreed. Thereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a thing that should be taken in attention is about the Companies Act 2006 clauses for the new company and the owner ship rules under the law. For the new company, the Companies Act 2006 has following clauses: A company is formed under this Act by one or more personsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  Subscribing their names to a memorandum of association (see section 8), and Complying with the requirements of this Act as to registration (see sections 9 to 13). A company may not be so formed for an unlawful purpose. The CA 2006 presents two new limitations on eligibility to act as an organization director. The primary thing is that an individual must be no less than 16 years old on appointment (section 157 Companies Act 2006). Where an individual is less than 16 years old when section 157 comes into power à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in October 2008 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" he or she will be regarded to stop to be a chief as of that date and the organization will need to make the vital change to its register of directors. This is the first time that an age confinement has been forced on directors by UK organization law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in a famous instance of the early twentieth century (the Marquis of Bute case) it was held that it was workable for a six-month old infant to be selected as director of a restricted organization. Such absurdities are no more to be endured. That being said, the Act approves the administration to issue regulations under the Act with the end goal of determining circumstances in which an individual less than 16 years old could even now truly be selected as a director: it will be for future governments to consider whether to practice this power. The second confinement presented by the Companies Act 2006 is that, while an organization may in any case go about as a director of an alternate organization, this might be conceivable under the Act if there is no less than one other serving director who is a common individual, i.e. an individual person (section 155 Companies Act 2006). This change will have essential ramifications for, e.g., organization formation authorities and parent organizations that have embraced the act of utilizing candidate organizations to go about as executives of their newly-formed organizations and subsidiaries severally. With the coming into power of the Act, it will never again be conceivable to set up an organization with a solitary director that is an alternate corporate body à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" where a corporate director is desig nated, there must be no less than one other director who is a natural person. Similar to the case with section 157, the Government chose to bring this specific provision into impact later than the greater part of alternate provisions of the Act à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in October 2008 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in order to give organizations of an opportunity time to make any fundamental modifications. Individual organizations might, in their own articles of affiliation, spot extra confinements on who may and may not go about as executives. Case in point, articles may demand that the organizations executives own shares in their organization and may detail what the minimum shareholding is to be. While the law still places few limitations on eligibility, it ought to be borne at the top of the priority list that the Act rolls out some critical improvements to the law on chiefs obligations. In the light of these, and paying little mind to statutory or sacred qualification tests, any individual ought to consider deliberately, before tolerating arrangement as a chief, whether they are mindful of the standard of behavior that the law anticipates from them and whether they are certain that they will have the capacity to meet that standard. The above is the details that should be kept in mind before constituting a new company. During our conversation David, you mentioned that your wife is also helping you in running the KAL Company. As she is not an authorised person for the company, the act of her in helping you running KAL is not legal. Under the Companies Act 2006: Certification of instrument of transfer: The accreditation by an organization of an instrument of exchange of any shares in, or debentures of, the organization is to be taken as a representation by the organization to any individual following up on the confidence of the certificate that there have been created to the organization such reports as all over demonstrate an at first sight title to the shares or debentures in the transferor named in the instrument. The confirmation is not to be taken as a representation that the transferor has any title to the shares or debentures. Where an individual follows up on the confidence of a false affirmation by an organization made carelessly, the organization is under the same obligation to him as though the confirmation had been made falsely. For the intentions of this sectionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  An instrument of exchange is certificated on the off chance that it bears the words declaration stopped (or words to the like impact); The certificate of an instrument of exchange is made by an organization if à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  The individual issuing the instrument is an individual approved to issue certificated instruments of exchange for the organizations sake, and The confirmation is marked by an individual approved to declaration exchanges for the organizations benefit or by an officer or representative both of the organization or of a body corporate so approved; An enfranchisement is dealt as signed up by an individual ifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  It proposes to be validated by his mark or initials (whether manually written or not), and It is not demonstrated that the mark or initials was or were set there not independent from anyone else or by an individual approved to utilize the mark or initials with the end goal of certificating exchanges for the organizations sake. This is all, which i wanted to let you know before constituting a new organization. I hope you will take all these points into your consideration. Thanks

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Birth Control Essay - 1297 Words

Since the technology of contraceptives has been invented, the use has become more popular, the rates of women receiving higher education has increased, and fertility rates have lowered. I am interested about how birth control has evolved, and the effects it has had on women socially and economically. The research begins before the 17th century; the primary purpose of contraceptives was to prevent disease, not pregnancy. During this time the Catholic Church in Europe does not recognize birth control aside from abstinence, causing citizens to break away from the church. By the 18th century doctors in France were educating men about birth control, and contraceptives were used there more than any other country. The dynamic of families in†¦show more content†¦The approved practice was abstinence because it prevented both premarital sex and unintended pregnancy. During the 18th century France became the most sexually open country in Europe. Doctors began educating men on forms of birth control, and the benefits of having smaller families. While this went against the rules of the church, citizens began to keeps the church and their personal agenda separate. Wealthy citizens chose to make a decision to have less children in order to keep either funds, it was the ability to feed fewer mouths, and not have to work as hard to keep their economic stature. France was using openly using birth control more than any other country in Europe. The wealthy women of France saw marriage as an inconvenience and often sought to move to bigger cities in order to receive an education, this is how the use of contraceptives was introduced into marriages. Men were primarily educated on the use of birth control, and would receive the education from their doctors. The methods included the optional abstinence, but also homeopathic herbs, home made cervical caps, a nd other barrier method that had existed before. In the United States by the 1800s the birth rate was higher than anywhere else in the world, and the average family has eight children. During the civil war birthrates began to drop significantly, and by the end of the 19th century the average family was having three children. DuringShow MoreRelatedBirth Control Essay1027 Words   |  5 PagesMcadam English 3 April 16, 2013 Birth Control, Why be Frowned Upon? Birth control is a way to prevent your daughter from having a kid as a kid, not a statement telling her that it is okay to freely have sex. If you know and understand that your daughter is having sex, wouldn’t you want the peace of mind that she is being safe, and protected? There are several ways to take birth control, and the doctor will choose the best method for the patient. Birth control has a 99% protection rate whenRead More Birth Control Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pageshow to gain control over reproduction, in essence, how to prevent unwanted pregnancies. This is a challenge, even today, in an age of technological advancements, mass communication and education. However, through the years, the spread of information and awareness surrounding birth control has resulted in its increased availability and an improvement in the lives of both men and women. People are very clever and ingenious and have, throughout history, devised a variety of birth control methods. TheRead MoreBirth Control Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesBirth Control Birth Control is defined as various ways used to prevent pregnancy from occurring. Birth Control has been a concern for humans for thousands of years. The first contraception devices were mechanical barriers in the vagina that prevented the male sperm from fertilizing the female egg. Other methods of birth control that were used in the vagina were sea sponges, mixtures of crocodile dung and honey, quinine, rock salt and alum. Birth Control was of interest for a long time, butRead MoreEssay On Birth Control1108 Words   |  5 PagesBirth control is a form of contraception that helps control fertility and allows women to decide whether they would like to have a baby or not. The product was first introduced by Margaret Sanger in 1914 she coined the term â€Å"birth control† and opened a clinic in Brownsville, Brooklynn, making it what we now know today as Planned Parenthood. There are many forms of birth control such as the implant, shot, pills, IUD, condoms, and many more metho ds. They help with regulating period flow, acne, weightRead MoreEssay on Birth Control 1960 Words   |  8 Pagesfor Disease Control conducted a study on contraceptive use; their findings concluded â€Å"four out of five women have used birth control pills† during one point of their lives (Basset). Birth control pills have been around for over six decades, and their popularity has significantly increased during the past decade. Thousands of sexually-active women are turning to birth control pills as a way to prevent unplanned pregnancy, regulate periods, and to control acne. Nonetheless, birth control pills are syntheticRead MoreEssay On Birth Control1824 Words   |  8 Pagesto make birth control widely available so that women could limit the size of their families. She introduced the idea that birth control was vital to the well-being of women and their families. On the other hand, some people thought that it was an immoral affront to God. Birth control is important to th e achievement of womens rights. With the help of Margaret Sanger and her leadership skills, birth control is used to demonstrate female rights, control family sizes, and prevent the births of unwantedRead MoreBirth Control and the Government Essay1092 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular point of debate is the topic of birth control and the government. A dangerous couple, it raises the question of who should have control over contraceptive laws and what controls involving them should be put in place? Currently, under the Obama Administration, the Affordable Care Act and â€Å"Obamacare† have been created. One of the sections of this new plan creates a mandate which requires private businesses to provide insurance that covers birth control costs. The government should not be ableRead MoreBirth Control Rights Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesArguing Birth Control Rights: Should Women have the Right to Birth Control? Birth control helps to control your menstrual cycle and helps prevent pregnancies all over the world, in women lives. 98% women in the world are taking birth control or have taken birth control throughout their life time. On October 6, 2017 Trump Administration released a new rule stating that any employer with religious or moral objections to refuse to comply with the Affordable Care Act requirement. The corresponding ruleRead MoreThe Birth Control Movement Essay example1442 Words   |  6 Pagesunregulated policies, the most prominent of these, the birth control movement. The documents from chapter six of Constructing the American Past show that at its core, the birth control debate was a multifaceted social dispute with, religious political and racial influences. Margaret Sanger’s monthly publication The Woman Rebel released its first issue in 1914, creating a nationwide dispute concerning the publication and distribution of birth control devices. However, Sanger’s initial goal went beyondRead MoreBirth Control Persuasive Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesmessage is sent through regulation and poor modifications to progressive mandates such as Trump’s recent adjustments to the Affordable Care Act. These ‘adjustments’ or ‘new rules’ intend to provide an ‘out’ for employers who object to providing birth control coverage through their insurance policies. Employers now have the right to deny this coverage due to moral and/or religious reasons, but no documentation of this is required to opt out. This simple rule puts approximately 55 million women, currently

Pricing Channels free essay sample

The classroom environment will be very interactive, so prepare to get involved. Students come from a variety of backgrounds with a large and diverse base of knowledge and experience. Therefore, the primary role of the professor will be to facilitate discussions that bring out pertinent issues and o better frame the analyses of these issues. Required materials Case Packet: The case packet is available through www. Study. Net. Instructions to get materials from study-net are included in the last page of this syllabus, before the course schedule.Pricing Simulation Universal Rental Car Harvard Business School: Sign up instructions will be provided to you in early October. It will cost $12. 50. There will be a practice round available from Novo. 4-9. The official round will run from Novo. 10-15. Other Readings: A number of readings for this class are available in full text (usually PDF) from Business Source Complete. For these articles, go to http:// www. It works best if you put the title of the article in quotes. If you get a yellow box that says Find it at UT, click on the box and follow the links that have full text. Other Materials: Other materials, such as study questions for case studies, grading sheets, and lecture slides are available on Blackboard. Paperless Assignments: All assignments are to be submitted electronically rather than in hard copy and no later than 5 minutes prior to the start of class. Please send them directly to Dr. Mackie through Outlook as e-mail attachments using the following file name convention on the attachments themselves: File Name Convention [Class time]_[Your Last Name and First Initial_[Assignment name] Example: 930_SmithJ_Problem Set Example: 930_SmithJ_Brief_Case name Example: 930_TeamName_RtM Assignment Grading Blind Grading: MBA-student teaching assistants do the first round of grading on many assignments. Therefore all papers in this course are blind graded. Therefore: (a) Please do not submit assignments directly to the TA; and (b) Place your name *only* in the file name of the attachment.

Privacy and Homeland Security

Introduction Privacy of individuals is an issue of concern. This confidentiality is guaranteed under the Privacy Act of 1974, 5 USC 552a. Provisions of privacy of citizens guarantee every individual that his or her personal identification information should not be collected without legal authority.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Privacy and Homeland Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) along with policies and technology, are violating people’s right to privacy. The information collected about an individual by the federal government and its authorities should only be done with legal authorization. The Department of Homeland Security has gone ahead to maintain this information in a way that allows its access by unauthorized persons, groups, or institutions. In the common law, any person who is aggrieved by one who illegally intrudes into his o r her privacy discloses any personal information, or does false publication about people’s names can initiate a lawsuit. No one should be compelled to give his or her private information unless under the authority of the law in case of investigations. The Department of Homeland Security is charged with the responsibility of providing mechanisms to ensure security to all Americans. However, the need to ensure intelligence makes the department endeavor to collect personal information in diverse ways. As various agencies of the DHS collect information, privacy Acts require the department to provide that there is authority, purpose, routine, and disclosure regulation. There have been controversies about the way Homeland Security officers collect information from citizens. Various quarters have risen complains that the department collects Personally Identifiable Information (PII) without legal authority. The department has also been accused of illegal disclosure of personal inform ation. Therefore, this research proves that if privacy is subverted, with the DHS practices continuing to be under the umbrella of safety, civil rights will continue to diminish until they are non-existent. To support this thesis statement, the report will rely highly on the Privacy Act of 1974, the US Constitution, the Patriot Act, the National Defense Authorization Act, department policies and memorandums, scholarly journals and law reviews, E-Government Act of 2002, and the Federal Records Act among others. The findings will be useful in enhancing the application of contract laws since they reveal the instances when Personally Identifiable Information (PII) can be collected, revealed, or shared.Advertising Looking for research paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Research Questions This paper seeks to address the following questions: Why is the Department of Homeland Security violating citizens†™ constitutional rights in exchange for protection? Should the willingness to provide personally identifiable information (PII) be voluntary or mandatory by law? Hypothesis Based on the above research questions that have been raised on matters of privacy and homeland security, the paper hypothesizes that the United States citizens are willing to give up their right to privacy in the name of security. The willingness to provide personally identifiable information (PII) should be made voluntary by amending various US Acts on confidentiality. Review of Literature There is a wide range of theoretical and conceptual literature on the issue of privacy and homeland security. The security of the federation of the United States of America is the most critical issue on matters of national interest. The conceptual framework derives its force from the fourth amendment, which gives people the right to be free of any unwarranted search as Marc reveals1. Also, the fourteenth amendment gives th em the right to due process. According to Jacob, â€Å"the Harvard Law Review of 1890 provided the theoretical basis of the right  to privacy†2, which has been cited by many books and courts. Several former presidents of the United States of America have been assassinated in the past. Moreover, the September 2001 attack on the World Trade Center by terrorists caught the country off guard. Since the September 11 attack, the homeland security has intensified its security plans, as addressed in the National Defense Authorization Act.  According to William, the need to ensure the privacy of citizens resulted in the â€Å"formation of the privacy office in the Department of Homeland Security†3. Under the Privacy Act of 1974, the Department of Homeland Security is charged with the responsibility of protecting the privacy of all Americans. However, transparency in the Department of Homeland Security is also guaranteed under various Acts. William notes that transparency re gulates the adoption of different privacy rules in planning matters of security4. It also ensures that the technology adopted by various institutions, including the Department of Homeland Security, adheres to privacy regulations. The need for transparency recommends the Department of Homeland Security take fair information Practice principles (FIPPs) in its endeavor to ensure the privacy of citizens. The federal laws should also regulate the purpose for which personally identifiable information is to be obtained. Officers of the departments are restricted by the Privacy Act of 1974 from obtaining Personally Identifiable Information from citizens without the right authorization. However, the issue of security threats in the US has forced many Americans to give out much of their personal and/or private information in the name of securing themselves. This Act has tampered with their civil liberty. Civil liberty violations and privacy issues are emerging. One of the significant problems in matters of privacy is authorization. Paul and Daniel affirm that officers from the homeland security agencies that collect PII must have the right legal authority to carry out the duty5. Article 2 (10) of the Montana constitution directs that unauthorized persons cannot obtain personally identifiable information from any citizen in the United States.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Privacy and Homeland Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Officers from various defense bureaus must be authorized to obtain private information. Not all officers are allowed to collect personally identifiable information. However, many of them from multiple agencies within the DHS misuse their powers to violate the privacy rights by fostering relationships with the business sector and local law enforcement, as well as, using technology to invade people’s personal lives. They do not obtain executive order befo re carrying out duties related to matters of privacy. The Privacy Act 5 USC 552a protects every citizen under investigation by the homeland security by ensuring that all information that such security officers may obtain from him or her is used only for the legally authorized purpose. Besides, homeland security is restricted by the same Act to get only the necessary and related information. Elizabeth asserts that the need to ensure security and intelligence information should not be a reason to push people into giving out all their details6. Homeland security regulations on how to obtain information are spelled out in the Privacy Act of 1974, for example, the Privacy Act 1974, 5 USC, 552a (e) (3). All investigative bodies and agencies that seek intelligence information from various individuals are required by law to provide such individuals with the Privacy Act Statement. Collection of PII from an individual without his or her consent and/or the provision of the Privacy Act Statemen t is considered illegal. In fact, even when the homeland security wants to collect information for other purposes other than for storage, the Privacy Act statement must be issued to the respondent. The need to obtain such documents like the Privacy Act Statement has made many security agencies associate the regulations with obstacles towards speedy and free access to intelligence information. According to Jacob, many quarters of homeland security argue that homeland security officers should be allowed to access personal information from any individual without warning or consent7. The debate behind this school of thought is that as the security officers prepare the documents and/or issue them to the alleged criminals, the criminals are able to escape or adjust the information, hence tampering with the justice process. Privacy Acts have, therefore, been associated with obstruction of intelligence in the federation.  Another essential aspect of matters of privacy and homeland securit y is the storage of PII by the authorities in the name of security. The privacy Act regulates the disclosure of personal information by homeland security to other individuals or organizations.Advertising Looking for research paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to William, personally identifiable information is supposed to be guarded in the best way possible to ensure that no unauthorized person is able to access it and that no wrong reasons, for instance, giving up some of the Americans’ rights in order to be safe and/or prevent another 9/118. Storage and routine management of information are also regulated by the Privacy Act. Not every person who works in homeland security can be trusted with private information. The persons on whom privacy information can be disclosed is also regulated by statutes such as Shine the Light Law (2005) SB 27 and CA Civil Code 1798.83). Such persons are adjusted based on whether they are within the homeland security department and/or the purpose for which they intend to use the information. The purpose of collecting personally identifiable information is also regulated by the Privacy Act of 1974. Authorization statements that are issued to various security officers are not issued without a c rucial purpose. Before authorization to obtain private information is issued by the homeland security, the Department of Homeland Security ensures that it can be able to cite factual leads that warrant investigation of a particular individual. The purpose for which personally identifiable information is obtained must also be made known to the Americans from whom the information is obtained. According to William, â€Å"Article 1, 1 CA SB 1386 of the California law provides that privacy is one of the inalienable rights†9. Therefore, information obtained must not be used for other purposes other than that which was disclosed to the person at the point of receiving it. The Act also regulates that PII information stored in the homeland security database should be deleted immediately after its use is over. However, one would wonder why the issue of security in the US should be used as a basis to lure Americans into unveiling that which they should keep sealed. Paul and Daniel affir m that proper disclosure of personally identifiable information should be carried out to avoid releasing it to unauthorized persons10. The ‘Shine the Light’ Law (2005) SB 27, CA Civil Code 1798.83 regulates the disclosure of any private information. Disclosure of personally identifiable information is another issue with privacy and homeland security. Should disclosure of PII be voluntary or mandatory? The Privacy Act of 1974 directs that private information should be obtained in a deliberate manner. However, the Act gives exceptions that disclosure can be mandatory. A duty to provide information is imposed by the federal statute. Elizabeth asserts that compulsory disclosure of information can also be warranted by an order from the executive11. In addition, the US Constitution and the Patriot Acts also warrant for mandatory disclosure of information by an individual. Moreover, persons who are required by various statutes to disclose information are liable for punishment by law if they fail to provide such information. Persons who refuse to offer information that is much required by homeland security are denied some of the privileges and benefits guaranteed by the US constitution. I  t is out of such clauses in the Privacy Act that the human rights organizations and human rights activists in America have raised protests. The claim is that obtaining information from any individual through forceful means contravenes the bill of rights. Elizabeth asserts that proper use of the privacy statutes will be of importance to the contract law12. It will be possible to prevent intrusion of solitude and misuse of powers to intrude into Americans’ private details in the name of heightening their security. Article 2 (10) of the Montana constitution guarantees the right to personal privacy. Privacy laws will ensure that no agency will be allowed to force its way to another in terms of electronics or even physically. It will also be illegal for homeland sec urity to disclose a private fact. Currently, there have been arguments around disclosure of truthful facts about a person. Methodology The research will adopt a descriptive survey method. The study will rely on first-hand data that will be collected through direct interviews on a representative sample of security officers, legal officers, and citizens. An example of 100 security officers from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), 50 judicial officers practicing in various states of the United States, and 100 citizens of the United States will be used. 250 people will be taken as a good representative sample from the whole population involved in matters of privacy and homeland security. The interviews will be conducted by issuing a questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. The resultant data will then be coded and presented in the form of tables and analyzed in graphs. Data Presentation Table 1.0 Ways in which Homeland Security interferes with privacy in America Stakeholders in privacy and homeland security/Factor of privacy Security officers (out of 100) Percentage Legal officers (out of 50) Percentage Citizens (out of 100) Percentage Unauthorized access to PII 54 54% 40 80% 88 88% Unexplained Purpose of PII 88 88% 46 92% 90 90% Illegal disclosure of PII 40 40% 24 48% 30 30% Mandatory provision of PII 60 60% 45 90% 88% 88% Graph 1.0 Table 1.0 Ways in which Homeland Security interferes with privacy in America Analysis Table 1.0 indicates various ways in which homeland security interferes with privacy in the name of securing the Americans’ life. From table 1.0, security officers rated access to personally identifiable information without legal authorization at 54%, 80% by licensed practitioners, and 88% by ordinary citizens. The indication is that security officers who thought that the privacy of individuals was interfered with were the least while most of the citizens believed that unauthorized way of obtaining PII prof oundly interfered with their privacy. In the same way, 80% of legal practitioners were for the same idea. A staggering 88% of the citizens who are the primary victims of a violation of privacy thought that the police threatened their security without authorization in the name of securing them. The implication is that homeland security officers do not obtain legal authority in most cases before intruding into individuals’ privacy by collecting personally identifiable information. Graph 1.0 also shows that homeland security violates privacy laws by carrying out unexplained purpose searches. Both table 1.0 and figure 1.0 indicate that 88% of the homeland security officers, 92% of the legal officers, and 90% of the ordinary citizens responded that security officers did not explain the purpose of the personally identifiable information that they obtained from the citizens. An average of 90% of the population sample that the research adopted believed that homeland security violated the Privacy Act of 1974 by obtaining Personally Identifiable Information without explaining its purpose to the suspects. All respondents rated violation of privacy through unexplained investigations above average. Graph 1.0 further shows that 88% of security officers who carry out the investigations did not find importance in explaining the reason for inquiries to the suspect as William reveals13. Therefore, they violated the terms of the Privacy Act. A higher 90% of the ordinary citizens affirmed that homeland security officers violated their right to privacy through unexplained searches where they were required to provide personally identifiable information. From graph 1.0, the highest score of 92% was obtained from legal practitioners who responded that they had witnessed violation of privacy laws from officers who did not explain the purpose of investigation to the victims. able 1.0 also indicates that 40% of homeland security officers, 48% of legal officers, and 30% of the ord inary citizens believed that privacy rights in America were being violated by homeland security by disclosure of personally identifiable information. Graph 1.0 shows that all the ratings of privacy violation by homeland security through exposure were below average. In fact, the ordinary civilians rated it at a staggering 30%, with security officers rating it as low as 40% while lawyers rated it at 48%. The average rating of violation of privacy through disclosure was at 39%. We can interpret that violation of privacy rights through disclosure of PII was below average in America. From table 1.0, it is clear that 60% of the homeland security officers responded that privacy rights of American might have been violated in cases of mandatory provision of PII. 90% of the legal practitioners thought that the privacy of individuals was violated through the fundamental ways of obtaining PII. 88% of the civilians also responded that violation of privacy was enhanced through effective methods o f obtaining personally identifiable information. An average of 79% of the population believed that the mandatory provision of PII was one of the prominent ways of violating privacy in America. It is therefore clear from graph 1.0 that the privacy rights of American citizens are being violated through the mandatory provision of PII, which is provided for in the 1974 Privacy Act. The claim is that the violation is legal since it is provided for by the Privacy Act itself. It is therefore recommended that the Act be amended to abolish mandatory provision of PII, failure to which civilians will be punished by law. Table 2.0 Exchanging privacy with protection Opinion/stakeholder Yes Percentage No Percentage Indifferent Percentage Security officers (out of 100) 4 4% 92 92% 4 4% Legal officers (out of 50) 40 40% 50 50% 10 10% Ordinary citizens (out of 100) 20 20% 76 76% 4 4% Graph 2.0 Privacy and security: not interchangeable Table 2.0 and graph 2.0 verify the claims of whether security matters should be used as a basis of tampering with people’s privacy. From graph 2.0, we see that 4% of security officers, 40% of legal officers, and 20% of civilians (an average of 51%) believed that privacy should not be exchanged with security. Intimacy does not hinder the security apparatus from obtaining intelligence information. Therefore, Americans should not give out their details in exchange for security. This may be attributed to the fact that unless the security apparatus obtains authorization to obtain PII, they should not investigate a suspect. The time taken to get approval does not interfere with the quality of evidence that the intelligence can gather, hence refuting the claim that lack of some private details obstructs security intelligence. Approval by an average of 51% of the population can be interpreted that privacy laws do not obstruct the process of obtaining intelligence security information. Therefore, officers should not just abuse their ma ndates by interfering with the privacy of people by seeking unnecessary personal details. Moreover, graph 2.0 shows that 92% of security officers, 50% of legal practitioners, and 76% of civilians were opposed to the idea of obstruction of security by privacy laws. An average of 43% of the population did not believe that privacy hinders security. We can deduce that there was no considerable obstruction of security by privacy laws since the rating under this question was below average. Another 4% of security officers, 10% of legal officers, and 4% of civilians were indifferent of the issue of privacy and homeland security. This was an average of 5% of the population. Conclusion The research was set to investigate the issue of privacy and homeland security. The research hypothesized that the DHS uses and/or abuses policies and technology to invade peoples’ private lives and personal privacy. Through primary research, the researchers realized that there was considerable truth in this hypothesis since the above average population in America affirmed this idea. As such, the willingness to provide personally identifiable information (PII) should be made voluntary by the amendment of various Acts on privacy. The research also upheld the hypothesis since the analysis of data indicated that the current Privacy Act of 1974 allowed violation of privacy under the disguise of mandatory provision of information. The fact that an officer had authorization allowed him or her to use punishment and deprivation of rights and privileges to obtain PII from a civilian. The research, therefore, concludes that the Act should be amended to embrace full privacy under the first amendment and the 19th amendment of the American law, which positions privacy as an inalienable human right. References Elizabeth Uzelae, Reviving the Privacy Protection Act of 1980, 107 Northwestern University L. Rev. 1437 (2013). Jacob Strahilevitz, Toward A Positive Theory of Privacy Law, 126 Harvard L. Rev. 2010 (2013). Marc Blitz, The Fourth Amendment Future of Public Surveillance: Remote Recording and other searches in Public Space, 21 American University L. Rev. 63 (2013). Paul Schwartz, and Daniel Solove, The PII Problem: Privacy and A New Concept of Personally Identifiable Information, 86 New York University L. Rev. 1814 (2011). William Mitchell, National Security: Part I: Five Questions on National Security Law: Responses to the Five Questions, 38 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 1564 (2012). William Prosser, Privacy, 48 California L. Rev. 383 (1960). Footnotes 1 Marc Blitz, The Fourth Amendment Future of Public Surveillance: Remote Recording and other searches in Public Space, 21 American University L. Rev. 63 (2013) 2 Jacob Strahilevitz, Toward A Positive Theory of Privacy Law, 126 Harvard L. Rev. 2010 (2013), 2010 3 William Prosser, Privacy, 48 California L. Rev. 383 (1960), 383 4 Ibid, 383 5 Paul Schwartz, and Daniel Solove, The PII Problem: Privacy and A New Concept of Personally I dentifiable Information, 86 New York University L. Rev. 1814 (2011), 1814 6 Elizabeth Uzelae, Reviving the Privacy Protection Act of 1980, 107 Northwestern University L. Rev. 1437 (2013), 1437 7 Jacob Strahilevitz, Toward A Positive Theory of Privacy Law, 126 Harvard L. Rev. 2010 (2013), 2010 8 William Prosser, Privacy, 48 California L. Rev. 383 (1960), 383 9 William Prosser, Privacy, 48 California L. Rev. 383 (1960), 383 10 Paul Schwartz, and Daniel Solove, The PII Problem: Privacy and A New Concept of Personally Identifiable Information, 86 New York University L. Rev. 1814 (2011), 1814 11 Elizabeth Uzelae, Reviving the Privacy Protection Act of 1980, 107 Northwestern University L. Rev. 1437 (2013) 12 Elizabeth Uzelae, Reviving the Privacy Protection Act of 1980, 107 Northwestern University L. Rev. 1437 (2013), 1437 13 William Mitchell, National Security: Part I: Five Questions on National Security Law: Responses to the Five Questions, 38 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 1564 (2012) This research paper on Privacy and Homeland Security was written and submitted by user GhostRider to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Labeling Theory Essays - Criminology, Social Philosophy, Free Essays

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Individuals in Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Environmental Sustainability - Essay Example It has also been alarmed by the fall of Soviet Union. China naturally wants to get benefits of globalisation and has been showing a reformed smiling face to the global economic world. For a communist regime, this is no mean task and even though the internal control has never been slackened in any way. The economic conditions are definitely exhilarating, but western economists say that there are obvious pitfalls in the economic path chosen by Chinese government unless it makes amends for economic and environmental sustainability. China is the most populous country in the world having population density of more than 130 people per sq. km. The family plan came into being when the Chinese government realised that the population problem is getting out of hand. "Chinese government realized that the over-rapid population growth was harmful to economic and social development, and would cause great difficulties in the fields of employment, housing, communications and medical care; and that if China could not effectively check the over-rapid population growth, and alleviate the tremendous pressure that the population growth was exerting on land, forests and water resources, the worsening of the ecology and the environment in the coming decades would be disastrous, thus endangering the necessary conditions for the survival of humanity, and sustainable social and economic development" China's economic development is not simply based on the g... ttribute much of China's rapid economic growth to two main factors: large-scale capital investment (financed by large domestic savings and foreign investment) and rapid productivity growth. These two factors appear to have gone together hand in hand. Economic reforms led to higher efficiency in the economy, which boosted output and increased resources for additional investment in the economy" according to CRI issue brief for Congress", http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/IB98014.pdf It is considered to be Chinese miracle that the economic growth of China has altered the world economic scene. But according to economic analysers, Chinese economic growth has reached a critical stage, where more caution is necessary in policy making. "At the same time, China's economic transition also reached a critical stage. Significant internal developments were and still are forcing the government to consider more aggressive reforms" http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1094/is_n3_v33/ai_20946408 But, there are many internal and external factors hindering Chinese economic growth. It is not easy to change the economic internal scenario overnight from an autocratically managed, centralised economy into a liberalised with slackened control one overnight. There are many steps to be taken mainly to alter the internal shape of the economy, industry, finance and business and naturally, the path to do that is rather rough. It is true that China is facing difficulties with state owned enterprises, which are running under loss and are about to shut down. The government has decided to support the larger enterprises, and the smaller enterprises will become part of history. China's economic development has caused other Asian and Western countries to sit up and take notice. China, till now, has

Permit Processing on Mercer Island Essay Example for Free

Permit Processing on Mercer Island Essay The rapidly increasing population and land use is one of the significant yet phenomenal challenges in today’s public administration. Accompanied by the spatial utilization and maintenance is the urban planning and management as one of the functionalities of city administrators in dealing with the simultaneous increase of land use, wherein various types of uses demands a particular place within the city limits. Relevantly, the expansive modality of business districts or areas must be complemented with a system or process as a procedure in obtaining of permits to operate a business is necessary and required. Thus, the system or process is needed to ensure the systematic flow of urban zoning. In this regard, the city administration must work on how permit processing would respond to the aspectual needs of the population without hampering the sustainable community development. Dealing with urban-community issues tackles various considerations in the processing of business permits, such as organizational functions of city administration must be streamlined through conduct of dialogues and campaigns in the implementation processes. This procedure is one of the components in public administration where urban-community issues must be resolved. In Mercer Island, the city manager have studied the situation in permit processing and found the significant action of implementing the system or process that is meeting both administrative functions of the city government and the demands of the residents. The implementing programs of permit processing in Mercer Island could have found the breakthrough of a procedure in public administration. This paper will account the discussion of multifaceted issues that significantly drawn the decisiveness of city managers in administering Mercer Island’s public administration programs. Methodology The result of the case study, entitled: ‘Permit Processing on Mercer Island’, conducted by Judith Noble as her Master’s Degree thesis at the Graduate School of Public Affairs at the University of Washington and published by The Electronic Hallway in 1996 will be the derivative of the literature review, taking into account the issues, actors and organizational forces that have been depicted in the public administration of Mercer Island. Likewise, additional literatures will revalidate the presentation or exhibition of data reflective of the conducted case study. Literature Review City overview: history and township Mercer Island was named after the Mercer Brothers who explored the place while on food gathering and subsequently first established a non-native settlement at the north-west side of the island in 1870s. The settlement has thoroughly expanded to the north-east side of the island and known as the East Seattle where became famous of the Calkins Hotel as a landmark of commercial land use in 1889 (Mercer Island Historical Society, 2006). In 1908, the East Seattle have grown with residential and business population, wherein the urbanization was largely developed from 1930s towards 1940s when a floating bridge was built that reached towards its state of Washington as the nearby area of commerce (City Government of Mercer Island, 2008) Presently, Mercer Island is a highly urbanized city being established from the 1960 incorporation and 1970 merging of north-western and eastern municipalities that has been fully developed as a business district of Seattle with 23, 894 population (US Census Bureau, 2007). Brief background of the issues As manifested by the continuously growing population and developing commercial zones, the city administration of Mercer Island has employed its ways and means in the processing of business permits. In 1996, the Mercer Island’s City Manager Paul Lanspery was persevered to act on the result of a report that has been commissioned and studied the status of community development. As cited, the tremendous increase of land use has been attributed to the establishment of businesses, in which even residential areas diversify into commercial use. The situation could become a perennial problem to the majority of the residents as well as the natural environment may soon marginalize and disintegrate by the potential pollution (Noble, 1996). On the other hand, Lanspery was worried of the â€Å"systems thinking† of the city administration, wherein the processing of business permit application must be reviewed in order to assess the public administration and accountability of the city government and its employees, as there were â€Å"pressure groups† from the residents that advocates the call in preserving the city from further commercial development. The personal, organizational and external forces  Reflecting on the report on community development and through the conducted on-site observation, Lanspery was motivated by his personal beliefs on â€Å"continuous improvement† (Noble, 1996). It may be interpreted that Lanspery’s personal belief could be an â€Å"internal motivating force†; reclaiming â€Å"continuous improvement† of Mercer Island is achieving sustainable development in the community. Based on the conducted on-site survey, Lanspery has brought the organizational accountability of the city government to objectively see and find the perspective of Mercer Island amidst its commercial diversification. The land use of the residents must be coupled with responsibilities in nurturing and protecting the environment. Hence, the city government must actualize the administration of public interest to preserve the natural habitation of the island without hampering the on-going business activities of the city. It may be summarized that Lanspery’s personal belief of continuous improvement retains the organizational accountability of the city government as the external force in implementing sustainable means, instead of sustaining an intensive â€Å"environmental change† that in fact deface the natural beauty of Mercer Island. To cite, preserving Mercer Island culture and natural environment is a challenge to its city government in improving sustainable business operation and administering of its investors in a participatory process, adhering efficiency, quality and commitment (Noble, 1996). The environment and public administration According to the case study, the topography of Mercer Island is not suitable for high-rise buildings and definitely limited to horizontal construction. On the other hand, the windy atmosphere of the Island is susceptible to fire-igniting materials, like the fire tragedy in 1889 that burned-flat the fire-prone Calkins Hotel. The topography of Mercer Island has been critically considered in the implementing guidelines of the city government, as a response to mitigate environmental risks and preservation of the environment from potential threats of commercial abuse. The public administration has organized a team of diverse technical expertise that composes the building department personnel who will evaluate the application of permits for residential and business or commercial land use. To cite, the government has likewise regulated a countless permit application for construction of small structure and land use projects, taking into account an estimated of 70 percent from the total 1,300 permits being issued yearly (Noble, 1996). The public administration in the issuance of permits was consistent in the implementation of environmental protection programs and risk mitigating measures, such as to cite the intensive evaluation and qualification procedures on application of mechanical permits for installing furnace pipes, plumbing, hot tub and lawn sprinkler systems, electrical wiring, and even burglar security and fire alarms. Part of the revenue collection campaigns were also managed by the city government on penalties and fines from illegal permit fixers, violators of health and safety guidelines, and other proceeds from residential construction permits acquisition (Noble, 1996). Nature of policy system and processes of policy and decision making It may be reflected that the decentralization of local government units or city governments have been enacted as part of streamlining the Federal bureaucracy system, devolving the powers of the local government executives in executing the municipal or city programs and projects. In which case, the city government of Mercer Island is spearheaded by the executive function of the Mayor, the legislative power of the city council and the city manager who is mandated to act in administering the township development. The enactment of land use policies were outlined in the â€Å"check and balance† configuration of area implementation. Specifically, the city manager headed the tangible implementing procedure of the Department of community Development that enjoined the technical maintenance, engineering and the public safety programs. Part of a functional public administration and transparent decision making process is the conduct of public dialogues that has been initiated by the City Council, expediting the legislative process and synergy among the council membership. To cite, the legislative function of the city council reaches out the public concern in terms of interpreting the city codes and ordinances. The city council has even organized citizen boards and commissions to enable a transparent and community-participatory undertaking of relevant issues on land use and the city government’s public administration functions, like the creation and establishment of the Building Board of Appeals that act as a quasi-judicial body, examining and interpreting the technical description, meaning and implementation of the â€Å"building code† as the ethical parameter in the land use policies. Leadership, management and administrative ethics It may be found that what has been highlighted in the case study is the decisiveness of Paul Lanspery, being the city manager, who persevered the undertaking of necessary public administration processes and fully utilizing the organizational elements of the city government. The overall representation of the case study [according to the literature review] has also found Lanspery’s ideals, having the personal beliefs of continuous improvement of Mercer Island. The personal beliefs could be perceived to have influenced the systems thinking, character-values and governance. Lanspery’s position as part of the â€Å"politico-persona† in the executive function of the City Mayor’s Office, wherein city management emanated its mandate or functions, has contributed to â€Å"streamline the system†. Based on the case study, it may be recalled that organizational dysfunction has threatened to be a problem of the City Council in implementing the ordinances or enforcement of the building code and policies on land use. As cited, such problems pertain to be the (1) deficiency in coordinating with departments which the city government has established non-substantive change, (2) failure in completing inspections and its technical evaluation results, (3) discrepancy in applying the technical standards of the building code and engineering guidelines (Noble, 1996). To cite and quote Mercer Island’s City Councilor Fred Jarrett, â€Å"reliability and consistency in dealing with the processing of permits is required for changing a cedar roof to tile for one home but not for another† (Noble, 1996). Meaning, making reliable and consistent the â€Å"way of leadership† may require the need of change in the system and processes on how the permit application would be more beneficial and contributory to a decisive public accountability and administration, specifically on sustaining the judicious utilization of the landholdings in Mercer Island. Post activities and findings  The assumption to office of Paul Lanspery as Mercer Island’s City Manager has significantly shown with substantial change in the functions of various departments directly involve in the processing of business and residential permits, land use, public safety and order and the city’s environmental maintenance programs. As a city manager, Lanspery has implemented the organizational system on reporting, evaluation procedures, ethical standards, quality values, effectiveness and efficiency. The implementation of service-value-oriented ethics was the first and foremost organizational procedure employed by Lanspery. The action-oriented response through holding of regular meetings among the personnel of each department was aimed to improving and developing the responsible and accountable execution of task of every working personnel, in which adherent to creating good governance that shall harmonize the public administration. Lanspery has also introduced the â€Å"strategic component† of leadership accountability, wherein department managers were directed to participate in â€Å"visioning exercises† that would visualize the sustainable needs of the community and specifically to preserve the socio-economic life of Mercer Island from threatening effects of commercial land use. A synergy of public administration has been conceptualized to harmonize the fiscal management of every department. Strategic budget planning, monitoring and auditing system were also established to enable the efficient performance of the city government in its revenue collection and budgeting, and financing of community projects that focuses on improving the socio-economic life of the community. Meanwhile, the judicious implementation of permit processing is complemented with social and judicial sanctions to ensure the importance of law enforcement in mitigating the unlawful land use, being deterrent to commercial abuse of Mercer Island’s economic resources and environment. At this point in time, the case study has accounted the decisive managerial skill of Lanspery who enabled the â€Å"political will† of an area manager that prevented the vulnerable exploits of Mercer Island. Through that decisive and dedicated public administration has streamlined the organizational set-up of Mercer Island’s Department of Community Development (DCD), manifesting a more accountable city government. Conclusion Public administration could be the ethical standard in managing public accountability. The processes and ethics in public administration is a continuing challenge in the dispensation of the local government units and its local executives. Indeed, the political will of the local executive is necessary to supplant the weaknesses and flaws with transparent and good governance. Like Lanspery who have visualized the needs of Mercer Island has not submitted to the disguise of commercial development but reclaims the vision for sustainability. In Lanspery’s oath of office has transpired the vision, mission and goal of the city government as an organization that sustains the socio-economic life of Mercer Island. The collection of revenue from permit processing application, approval and issuances could have been substantial to the coffer of the city government yet vulnerable to irregularities and corruption. The case study on Mercer Island’s city management depicts the broad understanding of ethics in public administration, enabling effective implementation of key policy programs that accounts the majority interest of the population and its environment. It may be then concluded that public accountability must manifest an unwavering leadership in local governance, whereas devolution of power from the national government must promote the local participation of people towards sustainable development of communities.

Marketing :: essays papers

Marketing A firm’s international marketing program must generally be modified and adapted to foreign markets. This international marketing program uses strategies to accomplish its marketing goals. Within each foreign nation, the firm is likely to find a combination of marketing environment and target markets that are different from those of its own home country and other foreign countries. It is important that in international marketing, product, pricing, distribution and promotional strategies be adapted accordingly. In order for an international firm to function properly, cultural, social, economic, and legal forces within the country must be clearly understood. The task of International marketing is more difficult and risky than expected by many firms. One of the most controlling factors of international marketing is management. It is very important for managers to recognize the differences as well as similarities in buyer behavior. Many mistakes can occur if managers fail to realize that buyers differ from country to country. It is the international differences in buyer behavior, rather than similarities, which cause problems in successful international marketing. An international marketing manager is a manager responsible for facilitating the exchange of products between the organization and its customers or clients. Sometimes an international marketing manager will find difficulties in completing the exchange of products. Many surprises in international business are undesirable human mistakes. An international corporation must fully understand the foreign environment before pursuing business matters. Problems constantly crop up and many times have unexpected results. Sometimes these unexpected results are unavoidable. Other times they are avoidable. To be sure those avoidable situations do not occur, international marketing managers must be aware of cultural differences. Cultural differences take place among most nations of the world. Differences in culture are one of the most significant factors in an international company. All nationalities posses unique characteristics, which are unknown to many foreigners. Many of the top international businesses are unaware of these cultural differences. It is very important to understand these cultures in order to market a product successfully. As an example, different nationalities have different beliefs on how business matters should take place. Where some countries prefer to work with a deadline other countries can take this as being offensive. Many countries feel it is an insult to be asked to work under a set time period. A country may feel that a deadline is threatening and may feel backed into a corner. On the other hand, other countries try to expedite matters by setting deadlines. To be effective in a foreign market it is necessary to understand the local customs. Knowing what to do in a foreign country is as important as knowing what not to do.

A Sequence for Academic Writing Essay

The purpose of this website of The National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League (NARAL) Pro-choice America, is to to show their advocacy for the right of a woman to choose and her right to privacy with regards to reproductive health. The exclusivity of the issues tackled in this site suggest that their concern is concentrated on specific subject matters affecting the conditions of women in the society such as abortion, use of birth control, teen-pregnancy, reproductive health issues of women of color and legislation about the advancement of the right of a woman to choose. Also, the site offers different means on how women with these kind of problems can understand and take action. 2. What is the subject matter of this site? The subject matter of this site is about the right of every woman to choose and her right to privacy regarding women’s reproductive health. 3. What is the purpose of the site? The purpose of this site is to empower women about their sexuality. They aim is to promote the freedom of women to decide for themselves without being scrutinized or discriminated by the society. Also, the website provides many information about the pro-choice legislation and policies for women, research, campaigns and other advocate organizations to educate visitors about the mentioned subject matter. 4. Is this site for, against, or neutral as far as the subject matter is concerned? This site is evidently pro-choice and for the privacy of women. One of the site’s objective is the prevention of unintended pregnancies by provding women more access to birth control and sex education to lessen the occurence of abortion. But they believe that abortion should be made legal and safe to give options to women whether they want to puruse their pregnancy or not regardless of their reasons. 5. Does the site offer anything unique? Does it tell you more than you could find out in an encyclopedia? This site offers a variety of information ranging from research done by NARAL Pro-choice America to government legislations and policies. The media center of the site is composed of choice-related topics from other publications or websites such as The Buffalo News, Fox News and Colorado Springs Gazette. Other sources are background materials, quotes, and story ideas or experiences of women. 6. Did you learn anything? Was the site worth visiting? In this site, I have learned the dilemmas experienced by women particularly when it comes to their reproductive health and choices. In these kind of situations, women are torn between choosing the right thing or what is for their best interest. Moreover, this site really gives a comprehensive outlook about the fight to advance the rights of woment to choose and privacy. Visitors of this website will really have an elightening experience when they read the content. 7. If you were compiling a bibliography of sources about the subject matter of this site, would you include or exclude it from your final list? Yes, I would use this website as one my sources if I am writing a research about the subject mater because it has a single point of view which is supported by many arguments which are valid and practical. Writing Exercise 2 Analyze the Web site National Right to Life. 1. As stated on page 295 of A Sequence for Academic Writing, â€Å"Web pages generally fall into one of six types, each with a different purpose: (1) entertainment, (2) business/marketing, (3) reference/information, (4) news, (5) advocacy of a particular point of view or program, (6) personal page. † What type is this site? Why do you think this? This is an advocay website that upholds the importance and presenrvation of life. They are against any act that would endanger any human life such as abortion. 2. What is the subject matter of this site? The subject of this website is focused on protecting and giving importance to all human life. In line with this, the information contained on the website clearly suggest that the organizers, National Right to Life Committee, are opposed to abortion and issues related to medical ethics such as euthanasia and infanticide. However, the site does not tackle and does not provide any opinions or views on contraception, sex education, capital punishment, and national defense. 3. What is the purpose of the site? The purpose of this site is to encourage visitors of the website to patronize their advocacy which is to disseminate information and at the same time convince people about the negative effects of abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia to an individual and to the society 4. Is this site for, against, or neutral as far as the subject matter is concerned? This site is against the promotion, advocacy and conduct of abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia but the site also advocates the propagation of the notion that human life is valuable so any act that tries to eliminate it should be punishable by law. 5. Does the site offer anything unique? Does it tell you more than you could find out in an encyclopedia? The site of the National Right to Life Committee used different data to support their objective. Its extensive database is focused on these three aspects: abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia. The site includes other realted links from other websites as well, media press releases and current legislation updates about the subject matter. 6. Did you learn anything? Was the site worth visiting? I have learned that even though the US has a liberated culture, many citizens still possess conservative views specfically about the protection of human life whether that individual is an infant or an adult. 7. If you were compiling a bibliography of sources about the subject matter of this site, would you include or exclude it from your final list? Yes, I would definitely use this website as a bibliography source if I were to tackle the subject matter. The website contains many informative data from their own database and outside sources as wells such as information from orgazations with similar objectives, the US government and media publications. Having all these information would make my research very substatntial and extensive. Revision Activity 1 Go to: Handwriting Analysis Read the article analyzing the sample of handwriting provided. Answer the following questions regarding the analysis. 1. What is the author’s initial impression of Walter Railey’s handwriting? The analyst’s initial impression on Walter Railey’s handwriting is that Railey has self-control but his emotions are repressed. These characteristics were presumed by the analyst as an indication of having a compulsive personality. 2. What are three of the particular elements of Railey’s handwriting the author analyzes? The author analyzed the writing strokes, spaces between the letters and hand pressure which became the three major foundations in analyzing the personality of Railey. 3. What element of Railey’s handwriting does the author thinks reveals his weak self image? According to the analyst, the â€Å"diminished and sometimes near threaded middle zone, small compared to upper and lower zones, together with an insignificant and defensive ppI, represent his weak self-image† (Arnold â€Å"Walker Railey†). 4. Explain what analytical tool the author is using in order to analyze Railey’s handwriting. Is the author credible in applying this analytical tool? The author searched for patterns in Raile’s handwriting. Then, the changes in these patterns are noted and analyzed in accordance with the personality of the subject. Moreover, based on the findings, the author was able to make a detailed analysis of the handwriting indicating his/her expertise about it. Also, the patterns of the handwriting helped the author to determine the elements that would expose the individuality of Railey. 5. Once the analysis is complete the author offers a summary of his findings. Are his summary findings concurrent with his initial impressions? The summary part is the synthesis of all the findings regarding the handwriting of Railey. With regards with the concurrence of the initial impression with the summary is that both were able to provide similar information. However, in the initial impression the descriptiom is brief but in the summary it is a little bit more detailed. 6. At the end of the page you will find a link to a short biography of Walter Railey. Follow the link and read the biography. How accurate is the author’s analysis of Walter Railey’s character, based on his handwriting analysis? After reading the biography of Walker and comparing it with the results of handwriting analysis, the former made some very accurate portrayal of the real Walter Raileys. In the analysis, Railey was rendered as selfish, emotionally repressed, and having dual personality which were all apparent in his historical background. Railey was selfish because he only cared about himself and he ignored his family and friends. Also, his emotional repression was shown when he tried to kill his wife and commit suicide. More so, his dual personality was demonstrated when he was charaterized as a charismatic religous leader and also as a controlling and indifferent individual. Revision Activity 1 Go to: Handwriting Analysis Read the article analyzing the sample of handwriting provided. Answer the following questions regarding the analysis. 1. What does the analysis say that the dark strokes represent about Bill Clinton? According to the analyst, the dark strokes of Clinton’s handwriting indicate â€Å"a great deal of energy and an ability to work hard and for long periods of time† (Canoles â€Å"Bill Clinton†). 2. What does the analysis say about the â€Å"little tents† under Clinton’s words? The little tents suggest â€Å"how firm, and even stubborn, Clinton can become once his mind is made up† (Canoles â€Å"Bill Clinton†). 3. How accurate do you find the analysis comments from what you know about Bill Clinton? Based on his administration when he was president and my impression about Bill Clinton, I could say that the handwriting analysis was close to my ideas. Since Clinton was elected as president for two consecutive terms, it suggested that he was well-liked by his consitutents and that he did a great job in doing his taks as head of the state which is very similar with the report of the author’s analysis that Clinton is â€Å"fair and objective when working on initiatives or with people† (Canoles â€Å"Bill Clinton†). 4. Go to: Clinton Biography Read a short biography on Bill Clinton. What comments from the analysis seem accurate according to the short biography? According to the first short biogrphy that I read, Clinton achieved numerous accomplishemnts dugin his term as President of the United States. Some of these were the increase of employment for Americans, reductionsof tax for businesses and many others. In the handwriting analysis, Clinton was depicted as â€Å"direct, efficient, can prioritize easily,† detail-oriented and a â€Å"pragmatic idealist† which are characteristics needed in order to make positive accomplishments. (Canoles â€Å"Bill Clinton†). These qualifyers corresponded with the characteristics of Clinton shown on the biography. 5. Go to: Handwriting Analysis Read a second short analysis of Bill Clinton. How do the two analyses compare/contrast? According to the second short biogrphy that I read, Clinton was described as an intelligent and a charismatic political leader loved by the people. However, he was involved in a sex controversy that influenced many people to question his credibility. But after being found not guilty from the charges against him, he gradually redeemed himself by initiating productive changes in the US and in the international scene. When the handwriting analysis was compared to the biography, the fomer made accurate descriptions of Clinton solely based on his handwriting that matched the information from the latter. But there were some information that were not confirmed by the biography such as the early emotional hurt experienced by Clinton that caused him to have a protective cautin. Nothing was said in his biography about any incident that might have a negative impact on him. So this piece of data still remain questionable. Nevertheless, the majority of information in the handwriting analysis were similar to the actual personal and historical background of Bill Clinton. Write Journal ( Two paragraphs only): Find an advertisement in U. S. a magazine and a) describe the ad, then b) analyze it by discussing all of the following: the colors in the ad, the message (or words) of the ad, and who or what is the focal point of the ad. How do all of these aspects work together to try to get you to buy the product? In the rainbow ad by Skittles, the texts incorporated stated, â€Å"If you filled all the world’s maracas with skittle, no one would ever know. † This literally means that the maracas would not be heard because people are going to eat the Skittles which will supposedly make the sound for the maracas. These texts were colored using all the rainbow colors which are also the colors of the Skittle candies. It was like the ad was bursting with colors which insinuated that if a someone eats a Skittle, the flavors would also burst inside the mouth. More so, in a caption below the ad which says, â€Å"Hear the rainbow, taste the rainbow,† suggests that the appealing look of the Skittles is also transcended to the taste which is composed of different flavors similar with the colors of the window. When all these elements are combined, the ad makes a powerful visual that is both enticing and informative. Works Cited Arnold, Rosemay. â€Å"Walker Railey. † 2006. Handwriting. org. 14 July 2008 . Canoles, June. â€Å"Bill Clinton. † 2006. Handwriting. org. 14 July 2008 .